The A-Z Plant Health Handbook for New Zealand,
by Jon Muller.
APPENDIX 1: Recipes for alternative approaches to pest and disease control
A number of alternative sprays have been mentioned in this book. These
sprays are based on plants and materials like milk. They are reported
to be useful, but many of them don't have scientific proof of their effectiveness.
However, you may find they work in your garden. The following recipes
can be used:
Chives
This plant can be used as a fungicide, containing a similar compound to
garlic. To make a spray, cover a handful of chives with boiling water
and leave to steep for an hour. Once strained it can be used undiluted
against mildews, black spot and leaf curl.
Condy's crystals
Potassium permanganate, or Condy's crystals, can be used as a fungicide
against mildews. To make, dissolve 15g potassium permanganate in 14l of
water.
Garlic
This plant acts as both a fungicide and an insecticide. To make a spray,
mix 100g chopped garlic and 2 teaspoons mineral oil. Cover and soak for
48 hours. Add 30 g pure soap and 2 cups of water. Filter and use at a
dilution rate of 15ml to 1l of water. Store in a non-metallic container
in a cool, dark place.
Milk spray
For mildew control, mix 500ml whole or skim milk with 1l water. For mite
control, mix 125ml buttermilk, 500g plain flour, and 23l water. Use every
few days until mite infestation clears.
Mustard
A spray made up of 1 part mustard in 20 parts water can be used against
scale and powdery mildew.
Onion/garlic spray
This is a very effective insecticide, especially for aphids and caterpillars.
To make it, combine 4 large, chopped onions, 6 chopped cloves garlic,
and 1 tablespoon hot chilli powder. Cover with water and let stand for
24 hours, then strain. Combine 2 cups pure soap flakes or pure grated
soap with the onion /garlic mixture. Now dilute at 2 parts mixture to
5 parts water. This will keep for up to two weeks in a cool, dark place.
Pyrethrum
The flowers from this plant are useful against a wide range of pests.
To make a spray, mix together 2 teaspoons crushed flower-heads, 2l hot
water, and 30g soft soap. Leave to stand for 30 minutes, strain and use.
Soapy spray
This spray is useful against many insect pests. To make a spray, dissolve
60g pure soap in 4.5l hot water. Leave to cool and then use.
Washing soda
This can be used as a spray on plants in winter, especially against powdery
and downy mildews. To make a spray, mix 100g washing soda, 50g pure soap,
and 4.5l water. Use the mixture immediately.
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